| Chemical Composition |
Almost pure carbon, crystallized under extremes of heat and pressure. |
| Colour |
Colourless to yellow, brown, orange, blue, green, pink, black. |
| Refractive Index |
R.I. 2.417. Dispersion 0.044 (high). |
| Durability |
Hardness 10 on Mohs scale. |
| Crystal Structure |
Isometric (cubic). |
| Specific Gravity |
3.4-4.2 |
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Sources / Occurrence |
The major sources include southern Africa, Australia, and Siberia. In North America, the best- |
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known source is at Murfreesboro, Arkansas, although it has not been commercially developed. Significant deposits have been found recently in Canada.
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Derived from the Latin diamas meaning the unconquerable, diamond has maintained its position throughout history as a perfect icon for love and marriage. Although white is the most common color, diamond actually comes in a variety of colorful hues including golden-yellow, pink, blue, green, champagne, cognac, chocolate and black.April’s birthstone, diamond is the favored gift for 10th and 60th wedding anniversaries. Symbolizing lasting love and friendship, diamond was believed to inspire loyalty, rouse romance and encourage a joyful life. Gem of character and spirit, diamond radiates the dazzling personality of those who wear it.
Fancy yellow and pink diamonds have become popular choices for bridal rings, commanding high prices for vivid hues in fine quality. Naturally occurring fancy colored diamonds are typically more rare and expensive than white, with true red being most uncommon, followed by blue and then green. Value is not only based on availability, but also on intensity of color, clarity (the lack of internal birthmarks) and size.
Some diamonds are heated and/or irradiated to induce fancy colors. Others may undergo high-pressure, high temperature enhancement to improve color and brilliance. To clean diamond, use warm soapy water, rinse well and pat dry to avoid residue. Mild solvents, ammonia – based cleaning agents and mechanical cleaners are generally safe. Vodka also is said to produce great results. Ask your jeweler for details regarding special enhancements and care. |